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- More on the WinWord.Concept WordBasic Macro Virus
- by Paul Ducklin, Sophos, Plc (25 Aug 1995)
-
- We assume a default Word installation, with all necessary security holes
- open...
-
- Overview
-
- Infected documents contain a set of viral WordBasic macros, one of which is
- automatically invoked by Word when the document is loaded (hole 1).
-
- The virus then infects the Word environment by copying its macros into the
- global macro environment -- thus effectively "going resident". One of these
- viral macros is automatically invoked by Word when a document is saved (hole
- 2) and allows the virus to replicate itself into previously clean files when
- they are saved.
-
- Lastly, when Word exits, it automatically saves any changes to its global
- environment (hole 3). This means that the viral macros will automatically be
- resident and active during future Word sessions.
-
- Detection and Cleaning
-
- Start a new document based on the Normal template, then choose Tools/Macro.
- If you see (inter alia) the macros AAAZAO, AAAZFS, AutoOpen, PayLoad and
- FileSaveAs, then you probably have WinWord.Concept. Delete each of these
- macros to clean the current environment. By default, Word will save this
- cleaned environment for you when you exit.
-
- A document is infected if it contains these same macros. Clean infected files
- as above, by going into Tools/Macro and deleting the offending macros. Be sure
- to save the cleaned document. Once you have loaded, cleaned and saved an
- infected document, three of the viral macros will be left behind in your
- global environment. Although they will no longer replicate, you might want to
- remove them before exiting Word, to leave your global template totally clean.
-
- There is an obvious giveaway of WinWord.Concept's actuation when an infected
- document is loaded -- a dialogue box titled "Microsoft Word", containing the
- string "1" and an OK button, pops up. Note that this giveaway applies only to
- WinWord.Concept; don't rely on it as a generic anti-macro-virus measure!
-
- Prevention
-
- The Word for Windows manual claims that if you hold down Shift whilst
- double-clicking the Word icon in Program Manager, then Word will startup with
- file-related "auto-execute" macros disabled. This ought to inhibit the
- actuation of WinWord.Concept, which relies on this feature -- though it didn't
- work on my machine. Starting up WinWord with the command line "WINWORD.EXE /m"
- is supposed to achieve a similar effect, but failed similarly for me.
-
- You can also hold down Shift whilst opening a document to disable any
- automatic macros in that file -- though this too failed on my PC.
-
- A WinWord.Concept-specific fix is to create a macro in your global template
- called "PayLoad". If this macro is present, the virus assumes it is already
- active and aborts without infecting. Once again, this is not a generic
- anti-macro-virus fix.
-
- To prevent the transparent permanent modification of your global environment,
- go to Tools/Options/Save and switch on "Prompt to save NORMAL.DOT". Malicious
- macros could easily change this setting back, of course, but this is a safety
- measure which you might as well take.
-
- Finally, you might wish to use one of Word's auto-execute macros to your
- advantage. Under Tools/Macro, create a macro called AutoExec that looks like
- this:
-
- Sub MAIN
- DisableAutoMacros
- MsgBox "AutoMacros off!", "Safety First!", 64
- End Sub
-
- This macro is triggered whenever WinWord starts (a serious potential hole!),
- and serves to disable the feature which WinWord.Concept uses to actuate.
-
-